Transparency Vs. Delegitimization? Shrinking Space for Foreign-Funded Organizations in Democracies: Hungary and Israel

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The shrinking space for civil society and the increasing number of unfavorable legislation affecting the work of non-governmental organizations continue to be burning issues for global philanthropy. Using a case study approach, this thesis explores how democracies regulate the operation of foreign-funded non-governmental organizations in Hungary and Israel. This thesis examines what the presumed and real motivations of democratic governments are to adapt such regulations and how the political, economic and socio-cultural environments might influence their enactment. This thesis also compares the Hungarian and Israeli regulations to the 1938 Foreign Agents Registration Act

An Annotated Bibliography of Recent Literature on Current Developments in Philanthropy

As philanthropic organizations play an increasingly important role in societies around the world, the research on philanthropy – from giving and volunteering practices to regulatory frameworks to digital innovations – has also evolved in recent decades. It is important to develop a thorough overview of the relevant scientific discourses and literature on current developments in philanthropy. This will allow researchers and practitioners to enhance the understanding of philanthropy and to improve its practice worldwide. This report provides new insights on current developments and important changes in the global philanthropic landscape, including trends in global philanthropy and its interaction with other sectors of society

The Changing Landscape of U.S. Cross-Border Philanthropy-Literature Review

This project has four main goals. First, it will expand knowledge on U.S. cross-border philanthropy to promote achievement of the objectives of the U.S. Government (USFS, USAID, and others) and the school. Second, it will provide a comprehensive landscape of how funding has changed over time and geography, and identify emerging trends in international partnerships and cross-border philanthropy for US Forest Service partners, United States Agency for International Development/American Schools and Hospitals Abroad (USAID/ASHA) partners, and other organizations that have a similar mission and scope. Third, it will identify the policy levers that positively or negatively influence the capacity and propensity of individuals and organizations to engage in cross-border philanthropic activities. Lastly, it will inform USAID/ASHA partners, practitioners, policymakers, scholars, and the general public of the findings from research projects and offer opportunities for greater discussion about the key topics involved

The Changing Landscape of U.S. Cross-Border Philanthropy-Analytical Report

This project has four main goals. First, it expands knowledge on U.S. cross-border philanthropy to promote achievement of the objectives of the U.S. Government (USFS, USAID, and others) and the school. Second, it provides a comprehensive landscape of how funding has changed over time and geography, and identify emerging trends in international partnerships and cross-border philanthropy for U.S. Forest Service partners, United States Agency for International Development/American Schools and Hospitals Abroad (USAID/ASHA) partners, and other organizations that have a similar mission and scope. Third, it identifies the policy levers that positively or negatively influence the capacity and propensity of individuals and organizations to engage in cross-border philanthropic activities. Lastly, it seeks to inform USAID/ASHA partners, practitioners, policymakers, scholars, and the general public of the findings from research projects and offer opportunities for greater discussion about the key topics involved

Within family transmission of secondhand smoke sensitivity and smoking attitude

[b]introduction and objective[/b]. The role of genetic factors in nicotine dependence is well understood, but no information is available on the inheritability of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure sensitivity and their co-variance. [b]materials and methods[/b]. 186 adult same-gender pairs of twin (146 monozygotic, 40 dizygotic; 44±17 years±SD) completed a questionnaire. [b]results[/b]. The model showed a significant role of unshared environmental factors influencing the co-variance between smoking habit and SHS sensitivity (r[sub]e[/sub]=-0.191, 95% CI, -0.316 to -0.056, or the total phenotypic correlation of r[sub]ph[/sub]=-0.406, p<0.001) without evidence for genetic covariation. Age, gender and country-adjusted analysis indicated 51.5% heritability for smoking habit (95% confidence interval/CI/, 6.2 to 89.8%), 49.7% for SHS sensitivity (95%CI, 19.1–72.0%), 35.5% for general opinions on SHS exposure in restaurants/cafés (95%CI, 10.7–58.6%), and 16.9% in pubs/bars (95%CI, 0.0–49.0%). [b]conclusions[/b]. The co-variance between SHS sensitivity and smoking habits is driven mainly by the unshared environment. SHS sensitivity is moderately inheritable. The considerable influence of environmental factors on general opinions on SHS exposure in designated indoor public venues emphasizes the importance of smoking bans and health behaviour interventions at the individual level in developing an anti-smoking attitude